CHAPTER 141
(HB 1124)
Solicitation to commit a crime
added to list of crimes affecting parole eligibility.
ENTITLED, An Act to
add the solicitation to commit a crime to certain criminal provisions.
BE IT ENACTED BY THE LEGISLATURE OF THE STATE OF SOUTH DAKOTA:
Section
1.
That
§
22-1-2
be amended to read as follows:
22-1-2.
Terms used in this title mean:
(1)
If applied to the intent with which an act is done or omitted:
(a)
The words, "malice, maliciously," and all derivatives thereof import a wish to
intentionally vex, annoy, or injure another person, established either by proof or
presumption of law;
(b)
The words, "intent, intentionally," and all derivatives thereof, import a specific
design to cause a certain result or, if the material part of a charge is the violation
of a prohibition against conduct of a certain nature, regardless of what the
offender intends to accomplish thereby, a specific design to engage in conduct
of that nature;
(c)
The words, "knowledge, knowingly," and all derivatives thereof, import only a
knowledge that the facts exist which bring the act or omission within the
provisions of any statute. A person has knowledge if that person is aware that the
facts exist which bring the act or omission within the provisions of any statute.
Knowledge of the unlawfulness of such act or omission is not required;
(d)
The words, "reckless, recklessly," and all derivatives thereof, import a conscious
and unjustifiable disregard of a substantial risk that the offender's conduct may
cause a certain result or may be of a certain nature. A person is reckless with
respect to circumstances if that person consciously and unjustifiably disregards
a substantial risk that such circumstances may exist;
(e)
The words, "neglect, negligently," and all words derived thereof, import a want
of attention to the nature or probable consequences of an act or omission which
a prudent person ordinarily bestows in acting in his or her own concerns;
(f)
If the section defining an offense provides that negligence suffices to establish
an element thereof, then recklessness, knowledge, intent, or malice also
constitutes sufficient culpability for such element. If recklessness suffices to
establish an element of the offense, then knowledge, intent or malice also
constitutes sufficient culpability for such element. If knowledge suffices to
establish an element of an offense, then intent or malice also constitutes
sufficient culpability for such element. If intent suffices to establish an element
of an offense, then malice also constitutes sufficient culpability for such element;
(2)
"Actor," the person who takes the active part in a transaction;
(3)
"Affirmative defense," an issue involving an alleged defense to which, unless the state's
evidence raises the issue, the defendant, to raise the issue, must present some credible
evidence. If the issue involved in an affirmative defense is raised, then the guilt of the
defendant must be established beyond a reasonable doubt as to that issue as well as all
other elements of the offense;
(4)
"Antique firearm," any firearm, including any firearm with a matchlock, flintlock,
percussion cap or similar type of ignition system, manufactured before 1899, and any
replica of any firearm described in this section if such replica is not designed or
redesigned for using rimfire or conventional centerfire fixed ammunition or if it uses
rimfire or conventional centerfire fixed ammunition which is no longer manufactured
in the United States and which is not readily available in the ordinary channels of
commercial trade;
(5)
"Check," any check, draft, order or other commercial device which orders a financial
institution to pay a sum certain of money on its presentment;
(6)
"Concealed," any firearm that is totally hidden from view. If any part of the firearm is
capable of being seen, it is not concealed;
(7)
"Consideration," any type of property or thing of legal value, whether delivered in the
past, present or to be delivered in the future. The term includes an unfulfilled promise
to deliver. The term may include an advantage or benefit to the promisor or a loss or
detriment to the promisee. Any amount, advantage or inconvenience, no matter how
trifling, is sufficient to constitute consideration;
(8)
"Controlled weapon" includes any firearm silencer, machine gun, or short shotgun, as
those terms are defined in subdivisions (17), (23), and (46) of this section;
(9)
"Crime of violence," any of the following crimes or an attempt to commit, or a
conspiracy to commit,
or a solicitation to commit
any of the following crimes: murder,
manslaughter, rape, aggravated assault, riot, robbery, burglary in the first degree, arson,
kidnapping, felony sexual contact as defined in § 22-22-7, felony child abuse as defined
in § 26-10-1, or any other felony in the commission of which the perpetrator used force,
or was armed with a dangerous weapon, or used any explosive or destructive device;
(10)
"Dangerous weapon" or "deadly weapon," any firearm, stun gun, knife, or device,
instrument, material, or substance, whether animate or inanimate, which is calculated
or designed to inflict death or serious bodily harm, or by the manner in which it is used
is likely to inflict death or serious bodily harm;
(11)
"Dealer in stolen property," any person who:
(a)
Is found in possession or control of property stolen from two or more persons on
separate occasions; or
(b)
Has received stolen property in another transaction within the year preceding the
commencement of the prosecution; or
(c)
Trades in property similar to the type of stolen property received and acquires
such property for a consideration which that person knows is substantially below
its reasonable value;
(12)
"Deprive," to take or to withhold property of another or to dispose of property of
another so as to make it unlikely that the owner will receive it;
(13)
"Destructive device,"
(a)
Any bomb, grenade, explosive missile, or similar device or any launching device
therefor; or
(b)
Any breakable container which contains a flammable liquid with a flashpoint of
one hundred and fifty degrees Fahrenheit or less and has a wick or similar device
capable of being ignited;
(c)
The term does not include "permissible fireworks," defined by § 34-37-5; any
device which is neither designed nor redesigned for use as a weapon; any device,
although originally designed for use as a weapon, which is redesigned for use as
a signaling, pyrotechnic, line throwing, safety or similar device; surplus ordnance
sold, loaned or given by the secretary of the army pursuant to the provisions of
10 U.S.C. §§ 4684(2), 4685, or 4686; or any other device which is an antique or
is a rifle which the owner intends to use solely for sporting purposes;
(14)
"Explosive," any substance, or combination of substances, that is used for the purpose
of detonation and which, upon exposure to any external or internal force or condition,
is capable of a relatively instantaneous release of gas and heat. The term does not
include "permissible fireworks," as defined by § 34-37-5;
(15)
"Financial institution," a bank, insurance company, credit union, savings and loan
association, investment trust, or other organization held out to the public as a place of
deposit of funds or medium of savings or collective investment;
(16)
"Firearm," any weapon from which a projectile or projectiles may be discharged by
gunpowder. As used in this subdivision, the term, gunpowder, includes any propellant
that upon oxidization emits heat and light and is commonly used in firearms cartridges;
(17)
"Firearm silencer," any instrument, attachment, weapon or appliance for causing the
firing of any gun, revolver, pistol, or other firearm to be silent, or intended to lessen or
muffle the noise of the firing of any such weapon;
(18)
"Government," the United States, any state, county, municipality, school district, or
other political unit, or any department, agency, or subdivision of any of the foregoing,
or any corporation or other association carrying out the functions of any of the
foregoing;
(19)
"Immediate family," any spouse, child, parent, or guardian of the victim;
(20)
"Insanity," the condition of a person temporarily or partially deprived of reason, upon
proof that at the time of committing the act, the person was incapable of knowing its
wrongfulness, but not including an abnormality manifested only by repeated unlawful
or antisocial behavior;
(21)
"Intoxication," a disturbance of mental or physical capacities resulting from the
introduction of substances into the body. Intoxication is not, in itself, a mental disease
or defect;
(22)
"Law enforcement officer," any officer, prosecutor, or employee of the state or any of
its political subdivisions or of the United States, or, while on duty, an agent or employee
of a railroad or express company or security personnel of an airline or airport, who is
responsible for the prevention, detection, or prosecution of crimes, for the enforcement
of the criminal or highway traffic laws of the state, or for the supervision of confined
persons;
(23)
"Machine gun," any firearm, whatever its size and usual designation, that automatically
discharges two or more cartridges by a single function of the firing device;
(24)
"Mental illness," any substantial psychiatric disorder of thought, mood or behavior
which affects a person at the time of the commission of the offense and which impairs
a person's judgment, but not to the extent that the person is incapable of knowing the
wrongfulness of such act. Mental illness does not include abnormalities manifested only
by repeated criminal or otherwise antisocial conduct;
(25)
"Moral turpitude," an act done contrary to justice, honesty, principle, or good morals,
as well as an act of baseness, vileness, or depravity in the private and social duties
which a person owes to his fellow man or to society in general;
(26)
"Motor vehicle," any automobile, motor truck, motorcycle, house trailer, trailer coach,
cabin trailer, or any vehicle propelled by power other than muscular power;
(27)
"Obtain,"
(a)
In relation to property, to bring about a transfer or purported transfer of a legal
interest in the property, whether to the actor or another; or
(b)
In relation to labor or service, to secure performance thereof;
(28)
"Occupied structure," any structure:
(a)
Which is the permanent or temporary habitation of any person, whether or not
any person is actually present;
(b)
Which at the time is specially adapted for the overnight accommodation of any
person, whether or not any person is actually present; or
(c)
In which at the time any person is present;
(29)
"Offense" or "public offense," any crime, petty offense, violation of a city or county
ordinance, or act prohibited by state or federal law;
(30)
"Pass," to utter, publish or sell or to put or send forth into circulation. The term includes
any delivery of a check to another for value with intent that it shall be put into
circulation as money;
(31)
"Person," any natural person, unborn child, association, limited liability company,
corporation, firm, organization, partnership, or society. If the term is used to designate
a party whose property may be the subject of a crime or petty offense, it also includes
the United States, any other country, this state, and any other state or territory of the
United States, and any of their political subdivisions, agencies, or corporations;
(32)
"Pistol," any firearm with a barrel less than sixteen inches in length, designed to expel
a projectile or projectiles by the action of an explosive;
(33)
"Private place," a place where one may reasonably expect to be safe from casual or
hostile intrusion or surveillance, but does not include a place to which the public or a
substantial group thereof has access;
(34)
"Process," any writ, warrant, summons, or order issued in the course of judicial
proceedings;
(35)
"Property," anything of value, including, but not limited to, motor vehicles, real estate,
tangible and intangible personal property, contract rights, choses-in-action, and other
interests in or claims to wealth, admission or transportation tickets, captured or
domestic animals, food and drink, electric or other power, services, and signatures
which purport to create, maintain, or extinguish any legal obligation;
(36)
"Property of another," property in which any person other than the actor has an interest
upon which the actor is not privileged to infringe, regardless of the fact that the actor
also has an interest in the property and regardless of the fact that the other person might
be precluded from civil recovery because the property was used in an unlawful
transaction or was subject to forfeiture as contraband. Property in possession of an actor
may not be deemed property of another who has only a security interest therein, even
if legal title is in the creditor pursuant to a conditional sales contract or other security
agreement;
(37)
"Public employee," any person employed by the state or any of its political subdivisions,
who is not a public officer;
(38)
"Public office," the position held by a public officer or employee;
(39)
"Public officer," any person who holds a position in the state government or in any of
its political subdivisions, by election or appointment, for a definite period, whose duties
are fixed by law, and who is invested with some portion of the sovereign functions of
government;
(40)
"Public record," any official book, paper, or record created, received, or used by or in
any office or agency of the state or of any of its political subdivisions;
(41)
"Publish," to disseminate, circulate or place before the public in any way, other than by
speech which is not mechanically or electronically amplified;
(42)
"Receive," to acquire possession, control or title, or to lend or borrow on the security
of the property;
(43)
"Service," labor that does not include a tangible commodity. The term includes, but is
not limited to: labor; professional advice; telephone, cable television and other utility
service; accommodations in hotels, restaurants or elsewhere; admissions to exhibits and
entertainments; the use of machines designed to be operated by coin or other thing of
value; and the use of rental property;
(44)
"Seller," any person or employee engaged in the business of selling pistols at retail;
(44A)
"Serious bodily injury," such injury as is grave and not trivial, and gives rise to
apprehension of danger to life, health, or limb.
(45)
"Short rifle," any rifle having a barrel less than sixteen inches long, or an overall length
of less than twenty-six inches;
(46)
"Short shotgun," any shotgun having a barrel less than eighteen inches long or an overall
length of less than twenty-six inches;
(47)
"Signature," any name, mark or sign written with intent to authenticate any instrument
or writing;
(48)
Deleted by SL 2005, ch 120, § 357
(49)
"Structure," any house, building, outbuilding, motor vehicle, watercraft, aircraft,
railroad car, trailer, tent, or other edifice, vehicle or shelter, or any portion thereof;
(50)
"Stun gun," any battery-powered, pulsed electrical device of high voltage and low or no
amperage that can disrupt the central nervous system and cause temporary loss of
voluntary muscle control of a person;
(50A)
"Unborn child," an individual organism of the species homo sapiens from fertilization
until live birth.
(51)
"Unoccupied structure," any structure which is not an occupied structure;
(52)
"Vessel," if used with reference to shipping, any ship of any kind and every structure
adapted to be navigated from place to place;
(53)
"Victim," any natural person against whom the defendant in a criminal prosecution has
committed or attempted to commit a crime;
(54)
"Voluntary intoxication," intoxication caused by substances that an actor knowingly
introduces into his or her body, the tendency of which is to cause intoxication;
(55)
"Written instrument," any paper, document, or other instrument containing written or
printed matter or the equivalent thereof, used for purposes of reciting, embodying,
conveying, or recording information, and any money, credit card, token, stamp, seal,
badge, trade mark, service mark or any evidence or symbol of value, right, privilege or
identification, which is capable of being used to the advantage or disadvantage of some
person.
Section
2.
That
§
24-15A-32
be amended to read as follows:
24-15A-32.
Each inmate sentenced to a penitentiary term, except those under a sentence of life
or death, or an indeterminate sentence which is not yet set to a term of years by the board or
determined to be ineligible for parole as authorized in § 24-15A-32.1, shall have an initial parole
date set by the department. This date shall be calculated by applying the percentage indicated in
the following grid to the full term of the inmate's sentence pursuant to § 22-6-1. The following
crimes or an attempt to commit, or a conspiracy to commit,
or a solicitation to commit,
any of the
following crimes shall be considered a violent crime for purposes of setting an initial parole date:
murder, manslaughter, rape, aggravated assault, riot, robbery, burglary in the first degree or
burglary in the second degree if committed before July 1, 2006, arson, kidnapping, felony sexual
contact as defined in §§ 22-22-7 and 22-22-19.1, child abuse, felony sexual contact as defined in
§ 22-22-7.2, felony stalking as defined in §§ 22-19A-2 and 22-19A-3, photographing a child in an
obscene act, felony assault as defined in § 22-18-26, felony simple assault as defined in § 22-18-1,
commission of a felony while armed as defined in §§ 22-14-12 and 22-14-13.1, discharging a
firearm at an occupied structure or motor vehicle as defined in § 22-14-20, discharging a firearm
from a moving vehicle as defined in § 22-14-21, criminal pedophilia as defined in § 22-22-30.1,
and threatening to commit a sexual offense as defined in § 22-22-45:
Felony Convictions
|
Felony Class
|
First
|
Second
|
Third
|
Nonviolent
|
|
|
|
Class 6
|
.25
|
.30
|
.40
|
Class 5
|
.25
|
.35
|
.40
|
Class 4
|
.25
|
.35
|
.40
|
Class 3
|
.30
|
.40
|
.50
|
Class 2
|
.30
|
.40
|
.50
|
Class 1
|
.35
|
.40
|
.50
|
Class C
|
.35
|
.40
|
.50
|
Violent
|
|
|
|
Class 6
|
.35
|
.45
|
.55
|
Class 5
|
.40
|
.50
|
.60
|
Class 4
|
.40
|
.50
|
.65
|
Class 3
|
.50
|
.60
|
.70
|
Class 2
|
.50
|
.65
|
.75
|
Class 1
|
.50
|
.65
|
.75
|
Class C
|
.50
|
.65
|
.75
|
Class B
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
Class A
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
1.0
|
Each inmate shall serve at least sixty days prior to parole release. Inmates with life sentences
are not eligible for parole. An initial parole date through the application of this grid may be applied
to a life sentence only after the sentence is commuted to a term of years. A Class A or B felony
commuted to a number of years shall be applied to the Class C violent column of the grid.
Signed March 5, 2007